Disclaimer: The
installation steps shared in this blog post are typically for the hadoop-1.x.x
series. If you are looking for hadoop-2.x.x series installation steps i.e. with
YARN, this post isn’t the right place.
Hadoop installation
can be done in the following three modes. This post elaborates the Pseudo-Distributed
Mode.
- Standalone Mode
In this mode
Hadoop is configured to run in a non-distributed mode, as a single Java
process. This is useful for debugging. This is the default mode for Hadoop.
- Pseudo-Distributed Mode
Hadoop can also
be run on a single-node in a pseudo-distributed mode where each Hadoop daemon
runs in a separate Java process. Such a mode is called Pseudo-Distributed mode.
- Fully-Distributed Mode
In this mode we
install, configure and manage non-trivial Hadoop clusters ranging from a few
nodes to extremely large clusters with thousands of nodes.
Supported Platforms
GNU/Linux is
supported as a development and production platform.
Win32 is
supported as a development platform. Distributed operation has not been
well tested on Win32, so it is not supported as a production platform.
Required Software
Required software
for Linux and Windows include:
- JavaTM 1.6.x, preferably from Sun, must be installed.
- ssh must be installed and sshd must be running to use the Hadoop scripts that manage remote Hadoop daemons.
- Additional requirements for Windows includes Cygwin. Its required for shell support in addition to the required software above.
Installing Software
If your cluster
doesn't have the requisite software you will need to install it.
•
For
example on Ubuntu Linux:
$ sudo
apt-get install ssh
$ sudo apt-get install rsync
|
On Windows, if you did not install the required software when you installed cygwin, start the cygwin installer and select the packages:
•
openssh
- the Net category
Download Hadoop
Obtain a Hadoop-1.x.x stable release from http://hadoop.apache.org/releases.html
- Unpack the downloaded Hadoop distribution. In the distribution, edit the file conf/hadoop-env.sh to define at least JAVA_HOME to be the root of your Java installation.
- Try the following command:
$ bin/hadoop |
This will display the usage documentation for the hadoop script.
- Now you are ready to start your Hadoop cluster in one of the three supported modes:
- Local (Standalone) Mode
- Pseudo-Distributed Mode
- Fully-Distributed Mode
For the Pseudo-Distributed Mode we need to configure 3 files namely:
<configuration>
<property>
<name>fs.default.name</name>
<value>hdfs://localhost:9000</value>
</property>
</configuration>
<configuration>
<property>
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>1</value>
</property>
</configuration>
<configuration>
<property>
<name>mapred.job.tracker</name>
<value>localhost:9001</value>
</property>
</configuration>
|
Setup Passphraseless SSH
•
We need
to ssh to the localhost without a passphrase:
$ ssh localhost
$ ssh localhost
•
If you
cannot ssh to localhost without a passphrase, execute the following commands:
$
ssh-keygen -t dsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_dsa
(This command generates a public key on
the system and stores it on ~/.ssh/id_dsa)
$ cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >>
~/.ssh/authorized_keys
(This command copies the public key to the
set of authorized keys of the system)
This completes the ssh passphraseless
setup process.
Start n Stop the Cluster
- Format a new distributed-file system:
- Start the hadoop daemons:
- Accessible UI
JobTracker UI Port – 50030
- Stop the hadoop daemons:
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